Election+of+1920

Darab Khan, Neelan Jay, Nick Berry

The Election of 1920


 * 1.**The election took place on November 2, 1920


 * 2.**Woodrow Wilson was the president during the election.


 * 3.** World War I occurred in the past four years previous to the election. People also were angry at and fed up with policies of Woodrow Wilson who was a Democrat and wanted change. Sedition Act. League of Nations. Prohibition. Suffrage. Red Scare.Strikes during the period. More information in number 6.

__**Republicans:**__ Warren G. Harding (Ohio) - Running mate: Calvin Coolidge General Leonard Wood (New Hampshire) Frank Orren Lowden (Illinois) Hiram Johnson (California) William Cameron Sproul (Pennsylvania) Nicholas Murray Butler (New York) Calvin Coolidge (Massachussetts) Robert M. La Follette (Wisconsin) Theodore Roosevelt (New York)
 * 4.** Candidates

__**Democrats:**__ James M. Cox (Ohio) - Running Mate: Franklin Roosevelt William Gibbs McAdoo (California) Alexander Mitchell Palmer (Pennsylvania) Al Smith (New York) John Davis (West Virginia) Edward Edwards (New Jersey) Woodrow Wilson (New Jersey) Robert Latham Owen (Oklahoma)


 * 5.** Conventions and Controversy
 * President Harding was known to have a good nature and to be nice
 * However wasn't able to tell the good people from the bad
 * Started to hang out with the "Ohio Gang."
 * Harding was known to be gullible and called an "amiable boob"

>>> 2. Free navigation of all seas >>> 3. An end to all economic barriers between countries. >>> 4. Countries to reduce weapon numbers. >>> 5. All decisions regarding the colonies should be impartial >>> 6. The German Army is to be removed from Russia. Russia should be left to develop her own political set-up. >>> 7. Belgium should be independent like before the war. >>> 8. France should be fully liberated and allowed to recover Alsace-Lorraine >>> 9. All Italians are to be allowed to live in Italy. Italy's borders are to "along clearly recognisable lines of nationality." >>> 10. Self-determination should be allowed for all those living in Austria-Hungary. >>> 11. Self-determination and guarantees of independence should be allowed for the Balkan states. >>> 12. The Turkish people should be governed by the Turkish government. Non-Turks in the old Turkish Empire should govern themselves. >>> 13. An independent Poland should be created which should have access to the sea. >>> 14. A League of Nations should be set up to guarantee the political and territorial independence of all states.
 * 6.** Major Issues of the Campaign and Candidates
 * How to handle Wilson's policies (People didn't agree with them)
 * The Sedition Act of 1918
 * It forbade the bad mouthing towards the US government
 * Was repealed when Harding repealed it on December 13, 1920.
 * Should we support his League of Nations
 * What was the League of Nations?
 * It was a intergovernmental organization created after WWI to prevent another WW
 * Wanted to prevent future wars by arms control
 * Wanted to settle international disputes through negotiations through it
 * Lasted 27 years (1919-1946)
 * In 1919 he went to Paris to create the League of Nations
 * He created the Treaty of Versailles
 * One of the peace treaties at the end of World War I
 * Signed on June 28th, 1919
 * British and America would not back up France against Germany
 * However the Senate rejected the Treaty of Versailles
 * Wilson's Fourteen Points  1. No more secret agreements ("Open covenants openly arrived at").
 * Basis for the peace program with Germany and allies for a truce
 * Important to the surrender of the Germans in 1918
 * People thought they were more important than they actually were because Germany was going to surrender anyway because people were starting to starve to death
 * Most of his points were unrealistic
 * Britain wasnt going to agree to free seas during war
 * Countries weren't going to reduce their weaponry
 * And of course there was always going to be secrecy
 * Prohibition
 * The legal of act of sale, making of, and transporting of alcohol
 * 18th Amendment
 * Ratified in the US January 16, 1919
 * Wasn't repealed until 1933
 * People were not happy
 * Began to rebel and started bootlegging
 * "Underground Parties" became famous
 * Suffrage
 * Literal Definition: The right to vote
 * What it means in 1920: Women's right to vote in the United States
 * The 19th Amendment
 * Ratified in the US August 18, 1920
 * Women were "at arms" to get involved
 * Felt they were being treated unfairly
 * Equality for both sexes
 * Red Scare
 * People in America were scared of the newly formed Soviet Union invading America
 * People were scared of communism
 * It began after the Bolshevik Russian Revolution of 1917
 * In 1919 their was a bomb threat discovered made up of 36 bombs to be mailed to leading American political and economic figures such as:
 * J.P. Morgan
 * John D. Rockefeller
 * The US Attorney General: Alexander Palmer
 * The Supreme Court Justice: Oliver Holmes
 * Strikes during the Era
 * The IWW (Industrial Workers of the World) backed many labor strikes through 1916 and into 1917
 * The press took these legitimate labor strikes and portrayed them as "crimes against society"
 * The press also took these strikes as "plots to establish Communism"

Warren G. Harding dies in office. There were speculations that his sudden death led to poisoning because his wife had poisoned him. Doctors that attended him came with congestive heart failure.

Harding received 404 electoral college votes compared to the 127 of James Cox. Harding carried 37 states while Cox had only carried 11. Harding got about 60% of the popular vote with just around 16,144,000 votes.
 * 7.** Warren G. Harding won the election against James M. Cox in every aspect of the voting.


 * 8.** The Significance of the Election
 * It showed that people were tired of Wilson
 * Showed if people are fed up with one party they'll most likely vote for the opposite one
 * America didn't join the League of Nations
 * The presidential election of 1920 was the last election campaign made accessible to the public solely through the use of record albums.

"Treaty of Versailles." //Wikipedia //. Wikimedia Foundation, 11 July 2012. Web. 08 Nov. 2012. .
 * 10.** What they said they stood for:
 * Harding
 * "America First" - Put America's needs infront of all others
 * "Return to Normalcy" - Getting back together after the war
 * Peace and tranquility - No more war
 * Spent more money on his campaign than Cox
 * Didn't Support the League of Nations
 * Cox
 * Endorsed the League of Nations
 * People weren't sure of what Cox represented because he kept changing his mind to get elected
 * Was hated by Irish and Germans because of previous president Wilson
 * 11.** Citations

"United States Presidential Election, 1920." //Wikipedia //. Wikimedia Foundation, 11 July 2012. Web. 08 Nov. 2012. .

"American Leaders Speak: From War to Normalcy, P.3." //American Leaders Speak: From War to Normalcy, P.3 //. N.p., n.d. Web. 08 Nov. 2012. 

"1920 Presidential Election." //Presidential Election of 1920//. N.p., n.d. Web. 08 Nov. 2012. .